Improvisation

Often linked with comedy, improvisation is a vital skill in the actor’s toolkit (even for dramatic performances). Using improvisation--literally, coming up with ideas and a performance on the spot--relies on instinct, intuition, and timing. Successful improv actors know how to create dynamic and interesting characters that can tell a unique and memorable story. Just as importantly, improvisation develops strong ensemble work, trust, and dependence, all vital skills for any performer.

This guide provides an overview of the basic principles of improvisation and how actors can develop characters, stories, and audience reactions to the performance.

Terminology

• Block: Also called “deny,” a choice in a game that stops the creativity and flow of the process.
• Ensemble: A group of players working together on an improvisation.
• Games: The processes for problem-solving through creativity, play, and spontaneity.
• Gifts: Contributions to the ensemble that encourage problem-solving.
• Intuition: Using instinct and creativity to keep the game and problem-solving of the improvisation moving.
• Player: Another term for “actor” within improvisation.
• Side Coaching: A term coined by Viola Spolin, offering guidance to help players focus on the game to solve problems.
• “Yes, and”: A phrase used in side coaching to prompt players to continue the improvisation, story, or game.