Overview
- Female: 0
- Male: 4
Context
The Duke of York, his sons Edward and Richard, and the Duke of Warwick are fighting King Henry in order to claim that York is the rightful king of England. They have stormed parliament and threatened to start a war, but King Henry agrees to let them have it as long as they let him finish his reign and die before they take the crown. York agrees and all is peaceful for a moment. However, York’s sons Edward and Richard don’t think that York should wait, and they decide to persuade him to fight
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Start: RICHARD
Brother, though I be youngest, give me leave.
EDWARD
No, I can better play the orator.
MONTAGUE
But I have reasons strong and forcible.
(Enter the Duke of York.)
YORK
Why, how now, sons and brother, at a strife? What is your quarrel? How began it first?
EDWARD
No quarrel, but a slight contention.
YORK
About what?
RICHARD
About that which concerns your Grace and us: The crown of England, father, which is yours.
YORK
Mine, boy? Not till King Henry be dead.
RICHARD
Your right depends not on his life or death.
EDWARD
Now you are heir; therefore enjoy it now. By giving the house of Lancaster leave to breathe, It will outrun you, father, in the end.
YORK
I took an oath that he should quietly reign.
EDWARD
But for a kingdom any oath may be broken. I would break a thousand oaths to reign one year.
RICHARD
No, God forbid your Grace should be forsworn.
YORK
I shall be, if I claim by open war.
RICHARD
I’ll prove the contrary, if you’ll hear me speak.
YORK
Thou canst not, son; it is impossible.
RICHARD
An oath is of no moment, being not took Before a true and lawful magistrate That hath authority over him that swears. Henry had none, but did usurp the place. Then, seeing ’twas he that made you to depose, Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous. Therefore, to arms! And, father, do but think How sweet a thing it is to wear a crown, Within whose circuit is Elysium And all that poets feign of bliss and joy. Why do we linger thus? I cannot rest Until the white rose that I wear be dyed Even in the lukewarm blood of Henry’s heart.
YORK
Richard, enough. I will be king or die.— Brother, thou shalt to London presently, And whet on Warwick to this enterprise.— Thou, Richard, shalt to the Duke of Norfolk And tell him privily of our intent.— You, Edward, shall unto my Lord Cobham, With whom the Kentishmen will willingly rise; In them I trust, for they are soldiers Witty, courteous, liberal, full of spirit. While you are thus employed, what resteth more But that I seek occasion how to rise, And yet the King not privy to my drift, Nor any of the house of Lancaster.
Shakespeare, William, Henry VI Part 3, Act 1, Scene 2, http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/2256/pg2256.html.
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